As the small plane made it's approach across a sea of corn to an airport in the south east of Illinois, I comforted myself with assurances that no matter how bad things would be, at least I was sure to have good steak and a nice cob of corn for dinner.
The steak was tender and delicious, but as I bit into the corn I was so horrified I had to stop the poor waitress and ask how this could be, in the midst of all of this corn, how come I was eating the worst corn I had ever tasted.
The lady, smiled and said "that corn isn't grown here silly, it's trucked in from somewhere." as she turned with a smile--two gentlemen, she clearly knew, across the small room were laughing and smiling--she added, "that's all dint".
The next day I would find out what she meant as I drove around with the man I flew out to meet. His families fortune was in the corn fields, but I was there to talk to him about software. When the subject of lunch came up I mentioned the bad corn and he laughed.
"It's all feed corn, mostly yellow 'dent'. You don't want to eat it, at least not as corn." He smiled as we pulled into a sushi restaurant and I braced for the worst.
The sushi was good and I would be there for some time so the conversation drifted from work back to corn as we got to know each other. He told me about
Earl Butz and it was the first time I have heard the name. He referred to him as the King of Corn. It was the first time I had heard the name.
In 1971, President Richard Nixon appointed Butz as Secretary of Agriculture, a position in which he continued to serve after Nixon resigned as the result of the Watergate scandal in 1974. In his time heading the USDA, Butz revolutionized federal agricultural policy and re-engineered many New Deal era farm support programs. His mantra to farmers was "get big or get out," and he urged farmers to plant commodity crops like corn "from fencerow to fencerow." These policy shifts coincided with the rise of major agribusiness corporations, and the declining financial stability of the small family farm.
While there has been much made about the connection between an overweight America and this countries passion with corn perhaps the biggest impact of these bad policy choices is still to come.
When the spotlight shifted back from fat to fuel, in early 2003, Volkswagen started the production of the
Volkswagen
Gol Total Flex, the first full flexible-fuel vehicle, that supports any percentage of ethanol and gasoline used as fuel.
And cameras turn to Brazil, a South American country that until now much of the west had considered a party town was on it's way to energy independence in the form of Ethanol it had started blending with is gasoline. A movement it had begun in earnest in the 1980's with a series of low interest loans and incentives.
Ethanol Brazil made from sugar cane. Ethanol they began to blend more and more with gasoline made from oil it increasingly began pumping from it's own shores.
While sugar cane is ideal as both a source of sugar and the production of alcohol since the stock itself is the money, most of the energy used to grow corn is wasted as it's only the kernel from which the sugar is extracted. So far the technology to produce cellulose ethanol on a large scale is still in it's early stages. Critics charge more energy is put into the production of corn than is extracted in regards to fuel production.
In the face of growing criticism on both environmental and heath issues Earl Butz farm policies have marched on. Instead of investing in family owned farms and sound environmental and energy policies our congress has largely chosen to continue this countries investment in large corporate farms and corn.
The farming industry is still largely bound to the use of fossil fuels if for no other reason than the production of nitrogen base fertilizers. And Brazil's march towards fuel independence has been inextricably bound to an aggressive offshore drilling campaign.
A quick look at the most up to date tables from the
EIA show no appreciable gains in net output from Solar or Geo-thermal output since 2002, as of 2007 net annual fuel ethanol production--predominantly from corn has--had increased from 2004 levels of 3,535 million gallons to 6,498.6 million gallons. Wind energy output has almost doubled since 2002 but this has largely been almost exclusively private investment.
With the spotlight now on Billionare T. Boone Pickens investing heavily in wind energy, it's not only important for us to fix our energy policies but it's a great time to get off corn. If biofuel is going to be a sustainable part of our fuel policy we need to shift it to a more viable crop.
Disastrous farm bills have plagued this nation and continue to fund massive corn yields as well as 958 million dollars in tobacco payments in 2006.